Wednesday 18 April 2018

Types


Each type has different characteristics and is transmitted in different ways, but symptoms tend to be similar.Hepatitis
The three  main types of hepatitis are known as hepatitis A, B, and C. Each is caused by a different virus. All three types can be acute, lasting for 6 months or less, and types B and C can be chronic, lasting for longer.
Hepatitis A
In the United States (U.S.), 1,390 cases of hepatitis A were reported in 2015.
It is often mild, and most people make a full recovery, after which they are immune and therefore protected from the virus in the future. However, if it progresses, symptoms can be severe or life-threatening.
People in parts of the world with poor sanitation are particularly at risk of contracting HAV.
There are safe and effective vaccines that protect against this virus.

Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B can be transmitted when a person:
  • has unprotected sexual intercourse with an infected person
  • shares a needle with an infected person, often for illegal drug or steroid use
  • has a tattoo created with unsterilized needles
  • is accidentally pricked, for example, health workers dealing with sharp objects
  • shares personal items, such as a toothbrush or razor, with an infected person
  • is bitten by someone who is infected
An infected mother can pass the virus on to her infant when breast-feeding.
The liver of a person infected with hepatitis B swells. Severe damage can result.
HBV infection can become chronic. This can lead to complications, including scarring of the liver, or cirrhosis. It can also cause a type of cancer known as hepatocellular carcinoma.
In 2015, 887,000 deaths worldwide were linked to HBV, mostly as a result of complications such as these.
In the U.S., there were 3,370 reported cases of HBV, but the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimate that the real figure may be around 21,900.
There is not currently a cure for HBV. However, the incidence rate has dropped in countries where the vaccine is available, and this vaccine is 95 percent effective against the infection.
There is a safe and effective vaccine that can protect against HBV.

Hepatitis C

HCV can lead to liver damage and swelling. Around 1 in 4 people with HCV get cirrhosis, and this can lead to liver cancer.
Donated blood is now tested for HCV, but people who received organ transplants or blood donations before testing became part of the donation process may be at risk.
Other at-risk groups include healthcare workers who are exposed to sharps, users of intravenous drugs, and infants born to mothers with HCV.
The number of cases of HCV in the U.S. rose nearly threefold between 2010 and 2015 when 2,436 cases were reported. However, the CDC estimate that 33,900 infections occurred in 2015, including those not reported.

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2 comments:

  1. Anonymous13 August 2019 at 12:01

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  2. Elimar Alois20 November 2020 at 08:50

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